What is the typical use of a transformer in electrical systems?

The typical use of a transformer in electrical systems is to step up or step down voltage. Transformers operate based on the principle of electromagnetic induction and are designed specifically to change the voltage levels in AC (alternating current) circuits. By adjusting the turns ratio between the primary and secondary coils, a transformer can increase (step up) the voltage for long-distance transmission to reduce power loss or decrease (step down) the voltage for safe usage in homes and industries.

This function is crucial for efficient power distribution, as higher voltages allow electricity to travel longer distances with lower losses due to resistance in the transmission lines. Therefore, the ability to control voltage levels is fundamental to the operation and management of electrical power systems, making the role of transformers essential.