What is a GFCI outlet designed to protect against?

A GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) outlet is specifically designed to protect against ground faults and electrical shock. It functions by continuously monitoring the amount of current flowing from hot to neutral. If it detects an imbalance, indicating that current is leaking to ground (which can happen if a person comes into contact with a live wire), the GFCI will quickly cut off power to prevent serious injury or death due to electrical shock.

This type of outlet is particularly important in areas where moisture is present, such as bathrooms or kitchens, as these conditions increase the risk of ground faults. The protection mechanism is essential for ensuring safety in environments where electrical appliances might come into contact with water, thereby reducing the risk of electric shock and enhancing overall electrical safety.